Thanks for the questions.
(1) Augmenting the grammar in the middle of parsing is not supported in the PDC bits, but it is one of the scenarios being evaluated for V1.
(2) In the PDC bits, the only way to get non-string values into the generated MGraph is to write a custom graph builder and set it on the parser. However, enabling typed values to be produced into MGraphs is an important enough case that we are already looking into a mechanism/syntax for doing this.